What is the definition and difference between distributed photovoltaic and building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV)?

When it comes to photovoltaic (photovoltaic) systems, distributed photovoltaics and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) are two related but distinct concepts. Here are their definitions and differences:

Distributed Photovoltaics:

Definition: Distributed photovoltaic refers to a photovoltaic system that installs solar photovoltaic panels at scattered locations in buildings, facilities or areas to generate electricity and meet local electricity demand.

Features:

a. Decentralized layout: Photovoltaic panels are installed in multiple locations, which can be the roof, wall or ground of a building, or the covering of a facility.

b. Grid connection: The distributed photovoltaic system is connected to the main power network through the grid, which can inject the power generation of multiple systems into the grid, and can also obtain supplementary power from the grid.

c. Satisfaction of electricity demand: distributed photovoltaic systems are designed to meet local electricity demand and reduce dependence on traditional power supply.

d. Scalability: Since the system is dispersed in multiple locations, the distributed photovoltaic system can be expanded as needed to accommodate power generation of different scales and demands.

Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV):

Definition: Building-integrated photovoltaics is a photovoltaic system that integrates solar photovoltaic modules into the design and construction of the building itself to achieve simultaneous power generation and building functions.

Features:

a. Building structure: The photovoltaic modules of the BIPV system are designed to be combined with the building's exterior walls, roofs, windows, etc., replacing traditional building materials such as bricks, tiles, and glass.

b. Integrated design: The design of BIPV system takes into account the appearance, structure and functional requirements of the building to achieve beautiful and reliable photovoltaic power generation.

c. Dual function: In addition to power generation, BIPV system can also provide heat insulation, sunshade, protection and decoration functions of buildings.

d. Building integration: The photovoltaic modules of the BIPV system are tightly integrated with other systems of the building (such as the power system and ventilation system) to achieve efficient energy utilization.

the difference:

Installation location: Distributed photovoltaics can be installed in various locations of the building, including roofs, walls, and ground, while the photovoltaic modules of the BIPV system are designed and installed as part of the building.

Purpose and function: Distributed photovoltaics are designed to meet local electricity demand and inject the power generation of multiple systems into the grid, while BIPV not only generates electricity, but also has the functions of buildings, such as heat insulation, sunshade and decoration.

Design considerations: The BIPV system needs to match the appearance, structure and functional requirements of the building to achieve an integrated design, while the design of distributed photovoltaics pays more attention to power generation efficiency and system scalability.

Installation and integration: The installation of distributed photovoltaics is relatively simple, and photovoltaic modules can be added to existing buildings, while BIPV requires the integration of photovoltaic modules during the design and construction of buildings.

To sum up, distributed photovoltaics focus on power generation and meet electricity demand, which is achieved by installing photovoltaic systems in different locations; while BIPV systems are integrated into the design and construction of buildings, with both power generation and building functions, to achieve integrated photovoltaic solutions.